The present study aims at analyzing the changes in the cohort fertility models and the dynamics of their major characteristics. The analysis spans 40 generations of women born in the period 1930-1970 and having completed their reproductive cycle as well as generations still in fertile age as of the study completion date. The study used data on the cohort fertility in Bulgaria until 2009 available from the Human Fertility Database and subsequently new data on the completed and cumulative cohort fertility at age 40 was calculated. For this purpose, the distributions of women by generation, age and parity were reconstructed for the period 2009-2019 and their age-specific cohort fertility rates were calculated: both total and according to the rank of the children born. The dynamics of the completed cohort fertility indicators shows a clear trend towards a decrease in the fertility of the generations of women considered. The process of declining of second-rank births began among the generations of the 1950s while in first-rank births, albeit less, the decline began among the generations of the 1960s. The most noticeable is the change in the age-specific fertility patterns of first and second rank observed in the generations of the 1970s when the process of births postponement is assumed to have been starting. The births of younger fertile ages decrease and the births of the higher ages increased and were especially visible in the generations of women born in the mid-1970s showing a process of recovery of some of the postponed births for those generations of women.

The article makes the assessment of the older population’s health status in the Komi Republic in the frame of the new medical examination campaign for the adult population in the context of Russia’s stated objectives in life expectancy. The sources of information are the official statistics, the annual “State report on the health state of the population in the Komi Republic” and the results of the two sociological studies “Problems of the third age” conducted in 2013 and 2018. The study has revealed the positive impact of the medical examination on the older people’s awareness about their health, their increased responsibility for their health status, strengthening of the independent component of orientation on active, healthy lifestyle, increase of motor activities. At the same time, at older age there is an increase of problems associated with diabetes, unbalanced and excessive nutrition, overweight and obesity.

The current dynamics in the total number of employees in Bulgaria as part of the emerging integrated European labour market highlights a number of challenges facing the national labour inspection system, which are related to the control of compliance with labour law in the context of territorial labour mobility. The main goal of this article is to analyse and systematize modern changes in the total number of employees in Bulgaria in the context of the territorial labour mobility of the emerging integrated European labour market and to highlight a number of challenges for monitoring compliance with labour law as a key activity in the national labour inspection system. The results of the survey show that in recent years the number of people employed in Bulgaria has increased from other countries – both from third countries and from other EU countries. The lack of regular and publicly available information on the state and dynamics of the territorial labour mobility of the labour force in Bulgaria is an important characteristic of the environment in which the labour inspection activities are carried out, incl. compliance with labour legislation. The results of the study argue a number of challenges facing the national labour inspection system, including the growing requirements for systematic exchange of information with partners from other EU countries, the European Platform against Undeclared Work and the European Labour Authority, whose main aims to contribute to ensuring fair labour mobility within the internal market.

This article focuses on the demographic, social and economic factors affecting the labour market of the 28 EU member states. 21 indicators were selected, on the basis of which the countries surveyed were grouped into four homogeneous clusters and identified the indicators that contribute most to the differences in the labour markets of the countries surveyed for 2018.Based on the cluster analysis, conclusions and recommendations for the labour market of the 28 EU member states are outlined.

The article examines the scope and paces of depopulation in the rural regions of Bulgaria, indicating the reasons that led to its formation, and an analysis is made at the municipal level. There has been traced the dynamics and peculiarities of the main demographic indicators and their impact in forming the number of the population by municipalities, applying the Webb method (1963) about the period 2001-2011 and 2011-2017. There is analysis on which parts of the rural regions are covered more or less by depopulation. A structural analysis of the decrease in the population in the rural municipalities of the period has been performed (2001-2017 г.).

The accelerated rates of demographic aging of the population of Bulgaria, although with some delay, inevitably affect the aging of the country’s labor resources. This negative process has a direct impact on the growing imbalance between labor supply and demand, on labor productivity, and last but not least on the reliability of the Bulgarian economy as a place to make new investments. Undoubtedly, such developments are directly related to two striking trends in the dynamics of the active population and the labor force in the country, observed since the beginning of the 21st century - the continuous increase in the share of the economically active population employed against the background of the constant decrease of the coefficient, showing the degree of Replacement of people aged 60-64 from the active age group of young people aged 15-19.The subject of this study is the regional manifestations of this phenomenon as part of the picture of the demographic aging of the population and labor resources in Bulgaria. Spatial links and dependencies between the indicators ofageing have been considered at thelevel of 265 Bulgarian municipalities for the period 2001-2018.

In this article I use the socialist concept “happy childhood” and the popular after the end of socialism notion “carefree childhood” to analyze state policies in relation to socialist children’s happiness and their subjective experiences. By focusing on the memories of then children of their summer vacations I aim to show that the organized holydays in summer camps as part of the project of “happy childhood” are remembered with ambivalent feelings, while vacations spent in grandma’s (and grandpa’s) village house are saturated with positive meanings and are constructed as the most “carefree” time of childhood. Thus, it can be argued that socialist state attempts to remove children’s happiness from their home and family by creating organized public spaces for that purpose were not especially successful, as far as summer camps were concerned. Instead, today’s adults construct grandma’s (and grandpa’s) house in the village as a parallel territory of happiness during their childhood years where under “adult care and in full freedom” they spent a large portion of their summer vacations.